Six Trends of Smart Greenhouse Development in China

Intelligent planting of agriculture by using Internet of Things technology has become a hot spot. Intelligent information management technologies such as intelligent greenhouse monitoring system are the mainstream of modern agriculture development. Domestic smart greenhouse management is still extensive At present, some smart greenhouse demonstration bases emerging around the country rely more on greenhouse environment control methods based on set values. The main control methods are as follows: first, set the target parameters (such as indoor temperature, humidity, light, etc.) based on experience, the controller makes decisions based on the gap between the detected real-time results and the target parameters, and achieves the target value by adjusting the opening and closing of the equipment through the environment. This is a relatively extensive intelligent management mode widely used in domestic greenhouses at present. To a certain extent, it is just the use of computers instead of human hands to press the switch, which cannot be regarded as real intelligence. Let plants "speak" Modern facility agriculture is good at effectively regulating crop growth environment, and the primary task of regulation should be to understand crop demand. It is to truly perceive when plants are hungry, thirsty, fat or thin; What temperature does it need for vegetables? When should I water it? When should I fertilize? How much water? How much fertilizer? All problems are clear at a glance. Then precise control will be carried out according to the actual needs of its growth. To understand plant "language", the secret lies in plant life information perception technology. To achieve "dialogue" with plants, it is necessary to accurately and effectively collect soil nutrients, meteorological environment, plant nutrition, growth data, etc. that affect plant growth. Smart greenhouse needs real "super brain" Intelligent de

What kinds of films are suitable for use in solar greenhouses and what are their characteristics?

There are many kinds of films suitable for solar greenhouse. According to the different resin raw materials, it can be divided into polyethylene (PE) film, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film and vinyl acetate (EVA) film; According to its performance characteristics, it can be divided into ordinary film, long-life film, drip free film, long-life drip free film, diffuse reflective film, composite multi-functional film, etc. The properties of these films have their own characteristics and strengths. Combined with the current production needs, this paper introduces several commonly used films for reference when building greenhouses. Types and characteristics of films (1) Polyethylene ordinary film (PE) The light transmittance of the new film is about 80%; Weak dust absorption, without the phenomenon of excessive dust absorption (tackiness) caused by plasticizer precipitation of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film. It has strong low temperature resistance, low temperature brittleness is - 70 ℃, and it can still maintain softness at - 30 ℃. The relative density is 0.92g/cm3, and the infrared transmittance is more than 70%. The heat preservation performance at night is poor, not as good as PVC film. The fog drop property is heavy, and the weather resistance is poor. The service cycle is 4-5 months. It is not sun resistant, and the high temperature softening degree is 50 ℃. Therefore, it is not suitable for covering cultivation in high temperature season. It can be used for covering cultivation in early spring and late autumn. It is not easy to bond after tearing. At present, there is no suitable repair adhesive, and it can only be heat sealed when splicing. (2) Polyethylene long-life film It is made of polyethylene as the base resin by blowing after adding a certain proportion of ultraviolet absorber, anti-aging agent and antioxidant. The weather resistance is good, and the service life is 1.5~2 years. The thickness is 0.1~0.12 mm, the amount

Optimal construction of energy-saving solar greenhouse

The status and characteristics of solar greenhouse in china in agricultural production, solar greenhouse can make full use of solar heat resources, reduce environmental pollution, to a certain extent, to achieve efficient land use. At present, the solar greenhouse in China is developing rapidly, and the construction area has reached nearly 16 × 104 hm2, with considerable economic benefits. With the continuous improvement and development of the construction technology of the solar greenhouse, the scientific and technological content of the solar greenhouse is also increasing, and the energy-saving intelligent solar greenhouse will gradually take shape. 2. Construction principle of energy-saving solar greenhouse The construction of energy-saving solar greenhouse shall meet the following requirements: First, it shall have good light transmission performance to ensure high utilization rate of sunlight; Second, it is necessary to have good warming and heat preservation performance to ensure faster warming under sunlight; The third is to have good ventilation and moisture removal performance to ensure that the humidity in the solar greenhouse is within reasonable requirements; Fourth, it is necessary to have good windproof performance to ensure that the structure of the solar greenhouse is firm and the service life is long; Fifth, it should be easy to operate, build, manage and invest less. 3 Construction technology of energy-saving solar greenhouse 3.1 Orientation selection of energy-saving solar greenhouse The orientation selection of energy-saving solar greenhouse mainly refers to the selection of the orientation of energy-saving solar greenhouse according to the actual solar radiation. The orientation of energy-saving solar greenhouse should be north to south, and extended from east to west, so as to ensure long sunshine reception time and high light utilization rate. In places where the temperature is not too low in winter,

Precautions for vegetable greenhouse greenhouse cultivation

1: Control the lighting inside the greenhouse. Light is an essential condition for vegetable growth. Without light, vegetables cannot produce chlorophyll and grow normally. Therefore, we should pay attention to the control of light when planting vegetables in greenhouse. The light intensity varies greatly in different seasons. Generally speaking, there is less sunlight in winter and early spring. Because the greenhouse is isolated from sunlight, vegetables can receive very little light. In this period, farmers should lift the plastic film to ensure that the vegetables get enough light. 2: Pay attention to ventilation. The greenhouse is an almost completely closed space. In this environment, the vegetables themselves may react and produce some toxic gases. If these gases are not discharged in time, the normal growth of vegetables will be hindered. Timely ventilation can ensure the normal growth of vegetables. 3; Select appropriate greenhouse film. The selection of greenhouse film should take into account the warmth retention and non-toxic. With the improvement of people's education level and quality of life, more attention should be paid to green food. When planting vegetables in the greenhouse, if the greenhouse film has certain toxicity, it will not only hinder the normal growth of vegetables, but also make vegetables contain toxic substances to varying degrees. In addition, attention should be paid to the assembly of greenhouse film. A high-quality greenhouse film can enable vegetables to grow under appropriate temperature and humidity conditions. 4: Select vegetable varieties scientifically. There are various types of vegetables, and different vegetables have different requirements for the environment. The growers should consider whether the local terrain can meet the growth needs of vegetables and whether the vegetable varieties can meet the market demand, so as to ensure that the vegetable varieties plant

Acceptance method of greenhouse construction project

Based on the existing national and industrial standards for greenhouse acceptance standards, the methods and steps of construction project acceptance can be appropriately applied in the process of acceptance, and the acceptance can be carried out step by step and area by area. 1. Category acceptance The whole greenhouse project is divided into three parts: civil engineering, structure and supporting facilities for acceptance. The civil works mainly include the greenhouse foundation, auxiliary rooms, pools and other civil works, which can be accepted in strict accordance with the building standards. The greenhouse structure includes the main body of the greenhouse, covering materials, internal and external sunshade systems, etc., which can be checked and accepted by referring to the existing standards for greenhouse acceptance, the actual situation of the greenhouse construction site, and the local standards. The sprinkler irrigation system (water system) in the supporting facilities can be designed, constructed and accepted according to the Technical Specifications for Sprinkler Irrigation Projects issued by the Ministry of Water Resources. For greenhouses with more electrical control equipment, larger electrical control systems and higher degree of automation, the power distribution system can be checked and accepted in strict accordance with the building standards; For greenhouses with simple electrical control system, the acceptance can refer to the corresponding greenhouse industry standards. For supporting equipment, such as movable seedbed, heater, fan wet curtain cooling system, mobile sprinkler, seeding equipment, etc., the equipment acceptance method can be adopted, and the equipment performance, brand, etc. can be accepted according to the design requirements or the bid of the bid winner. 2. Step by step acceptance For a single greenhouse or small-scale greenhouse project, the acceptance process is basicall

Advantages of greenhouse planting

Agriculture is one of the main industries in many industries in China. Greenhouse is an indispensable part of agricultural development, and its role is increasingly important. In recent years, the construction and application of green prevention and control technology, water-saving irrigation, soil testing and fertilization and other related agricultural technologies and projects have formed an eco-friendly facility agricultural production mode. With the rapid development of agriculture in China, the development of facility agriculture has also entered a new stage. Many agricultural growers increasingly prefer to use greenhouses. Under the guidance and leadership of the government, greenhouses have also been increasingly intelligent, mechanized and large-scale. 1. Realize off-season production of agricultural and sideline products In traditional agricultural planting, most agricultural products suitable for seasonal growth are selected according to the 24 solar terms. The category of fruits and vegetables is relatively simple. The use of greenhouse can realize the early output of fruits and vegetables, and extend the harvest period. There are many kinds of fruits and vegetables planted to meet people's demand for fresh fruits and vegetables. 2. Realize green pollution-free planting and production of fruits and vegetables Under the premise of continuous economic growth, people's living standards are constantly improving, and the requirements for fruits and vegetables are also increasing. For the planting and production of greenhouse greenhouse facility agriculture, measures such as arranging dust screens at the ventilation openings, entrances and exits of the greenhouse can reduce the losses caused by pests and diseases to a certain extent, reduce the impact of outdoor dust, haze, etc. on fruits and vegetables, adjust the specific climate environment through the arrangement of external facilities, reduce the damage caused by natura

Problems needing attention in greenhouse maintenance

As an important agricultural production facility and special daylighting building, greenhouse has become an important indicator to measure the quality and service life of greenhouse, including its light transmittance, thermal insulation and durability. At present, the design life of domestic greenhouses is generally 5 to 15 years. Therefore, in order to prolong the service life of the greenhouse, improve the performance effect, and produce high-quality agricultural products, it is very important to do a good job in the daily maintenance of the greenhouse. 1. Daily maintenance of covering materials The roof covering material of the greenhouse has been exposed to the wind and sun for a long time, which is very easy to age, affecting the tightness, light transmission and heat preservation performance of the greenhouse. Therefore, the covering materials on the top of the greenhouse should be maintained every 2 to 3 months. The glass greenhouse and hollow plate greenhouse can be regularly washed with high-pressure water gun on the roof and wall, and the film greenhouse can be cleaned with a broom bound with light articles such as waste cotton battens. The sludge and leaves deposited in the gutter gutter shall also be cleaned. Check whether the glass has cracks, use glass glue to seal, and replace the damaged glass in time. The damaged hollow plate can also be repaired with sealant or adhesive tape. The damaged plastic film can be repaired with special film repair tape. The framework at the contact part between the film and the framework shall be wound with soft cloth or old plastic film to prevent the contact part between the film and the framework from aging and damage due to heat, wind and rain. 2. Maintenance of inner and outer sunshade The internal and external sunshade net is the greenhouse construction equipment with high frequency of use except in winter. The internal and external sunshade net shall be subject to routine mainten

Greenhouse

Greenhouse, also known as greenhouse. A facility that can transmit light and heat (or heat), and is used to grow plants. In the season unsuitable for plant growth, it can provide greenhouse growth period and increase yield, and is mainly used for cultivation or seedling raising of warm vegetables, flowers, trees and other plants in low temperature season. There are many types of greenhouses, which can be divided into many types according to different roof truss materials, lighting materials, shapes and heating conditions. The types of greenhouses include planting greenhouses, breeding greenhouses, exhibition greenhouses, experimental greenhouses, catering greenhouses, entertainment greenhouses, etc; The design of greenhouse system includes heating system, thermal insulation system, cooling system, ventilation system, control system, irrigation system, etc; The greenhouse is just a simple plastic film and skeleton structure, with few internal facilities, which is not as demanding as the greenhouse. Therefore, strictly speaking, greenhouse equipment is more demanding than greenhouse equipment, and more advanced instruments may be used to strictly control temperature.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of multi span greenhouse?

1. Advantages of multi span greenhouse 1. The multi span greenhouse can control the surrounding environment from a certain point of view. The floor area and volume of multi span greenhouse are relatively large, increasing the volume in the air, thus reducing the indoor temperature. 2. The heating performance of multi span greenhouse is relatively low. As the multi span greenhouse will result in smaller enclosure area and ground distance, resulting in less heat loss, it is necessary to configure a heating system for the multi span greenhouse. 3. Use the land in a wide range. The single span greenhouse greatly reduces the waste of land. 4. The internal space of the multi span greenhouse can be fully used. However, in some common greenhouses, there are some problems such as curved side walls or inclined walls. In this case, the land will be partially vacant, and the goal of perfect land use will not be achieved. However, in multi span greenhouses, this problem does not exist at all. 5. The multi span greenhouse is very flexible in zoning. In order to facilitate the management of multi span greenhouses, a partition wall can be used inside the multi span greenhouses. 6. The multi span greenhouse has the automation function. You can install some planting or water spraying pipes inside it. 2. Disadvantages of multi span greenhouse People living in the north usually do not choose multi span greenhouses to use, because the power consumption rate in winter in the north is very high, and the thermal insulation performance of multi span greenhouses is poor.

Advantages of intelligent greenhouse compared with traditional greenhouse

Advantages of intelligent greenhouse: 1. Real time data monitoring: crop growth environment parameters, grasp on-site information anytime and anywhere, control on-site equipment anytime and anywhere, automatically adjust various indicators, provide the most "comfortable" and stable environment for crops, form standardized cultivation, and facilitate large-scale replication. 2. Intelligent alarm and early warning: the user sets the appropriate growth environment parameters for crops and sets the priority level. The system will compare the collected real-time environment parameters with the set parameters. When they exceed a certain threshold, the system will give an alarm and early warning by means of sound and light or APP, and notify the management personnel at the first time. 3. Intelligent linkage control: the user can remotely control the device through the computer or mobile phone APP. The internal environment of the greenhouse can also be controlled through automatic linkage of the system. For crops with high environmental requirements, production losses caused by human factors can be avoided. 4. Configuration: The concept of configuration control widely used in the industrial control industry is introduced, and the configuration software based on WEB browser is developed. The user can customize the graphical interface according to the field equipment layout and other information, and bind the sensor and controller to achieve graphical monitoring and control. 5. Intranet penetration: The user network does not need to open a public network. Using the industrial intranet penetration equipment provided by our company, you can establish a safe, stable and fast access channel with the public network to achieve remote access to the public network. If there is no optical fiber network on site, you can directly insert a 4G card and use the mobile/telecom/China Unicom network for communication. 6. HD video: HD cameras a

How to use sunlight efficiently in greenhouse

The growth of all things depends on the sun. In the growth of plants, only a few wavelengths of light participate in photosynthesis. Can we use more light? Chinese researchers have proposed a new type of greenhouse covering structure, which realizes the efficient use of solar energy in greenhouse. Relevant research results were published in Energy Conversion and Management. The principle of multispectral utilization of the covering structure of light splitting greenhouse. It is understood that in facility agriculture, 400-780 nm visible light in the solar spectrum can directly participate in the photosynthetic reaction process of crops, which belongs to the photosynthetic effective radiation, while 780-2500 nm near-infrared light is the main factor causing indoor high temperature in the greenhouse, and 30% of the cooling energy consumption is required for high temperature in summer. Therefore, how to effectively use near-infrared light is of great significance for reducing greenhouse energy consumption and improving solar spectral efficiency. How to improve the utilization rate of sunlight in facility agriculture, the research team proposed a new greenhouse covering structure based on the spectral frequency division utilization and the principle of composite parabolic concentrator, and carried out structural optimization and performance analysis. The results show that the covering structure can transform near-infrared light into electric energy storage while passing through photosynthetic effective radiation, which can not only ensure the normal growth of facility plants, but also reduce the energy consumption for greenhouse cooling, The electricity generated can also provide energy sources for the daily operation of the greenhouse. The research was completed by the Facility Plant Environment Engineering Innovation Team of the Institute of Agricultural Environment and Sustainable Development of the Chinese Academy of Agricu

Carbon dioxide concentration problems easily ignored in smart greenhouse greenhouse planting

Why are the vegetables, melons, and flavors of the crops planted in the greenhouse not fragrant, sweet, and tasteless? Why are there many diseases and poor disease resistance of plants in greenhouses? Why can't the yield be greatly increased with sufficient water and fertilizer? These problems are basically due to a phenomenon that the low concentration of carbon dioxide in the air of the greenhouse causes the crops to have a carbon dioxide "hunger", which cannot meet the needs of crop photosynthesis. 1. Current situation of carbon dioxide planting and application At present, there are more than 50 million mu of greenhouse in China, with an annual output value of about 500 billion yuan, and 80% of the output value comes from winter, spring and autumn. Because of the high output value of vegetables in these three seasons, the greenhouse has been restricted from ventilation for nearly five months, and the carbon dioxide concentration is insufficient, which seriously restricts the output of vegetables. Plants contain more than 95% carbon and water, and less than 5% nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. Over the past few decades, crops have increased by more than 50% through the application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. In the dry matter of plants, organic matter accounts for about 90%, while carbon accounts for about 40% of organic matter, which is a kind of element with more content in plants. The carbon comes from CO2. Therefore, CO2 is of great significance to the biological world. 2. Importance of carbon dioxide As the main material raw material for plant growth, carbon dioxide is one of the key factors affecting plant growth, development and function. It is not only the substrate of photosynthesis, but also the regulator of primary metabolic process, distribution and growth of photosynthates. It participates in a series of biochemical reactions in plants and has a direct impact on plant growth. The increase of

Optimum size of greenhouse construction

"Greenhouse" is only the name of an industry and does not represent a type of greenhouse. The greenhouse industry is mainly divided into three structural forms: spring and autumn greenhouses, solar greenhouses and multi span greenhouses. These are also the three most common types of greenhouses in the market, but there is no national standard in the actual construction. Because the greenhouse belongs to a temporary building, its construction standards are basically based on industry standards. The dimensions of greenhouse construction are not always designed according to the industry standards, and sometimes the construction site will be adjusted. The principle of actual design and construction is to maximize the use area of soil, which is also the core idea of greenhouse construction. However, the basic requirements of industry standards should also be followed, especially the basic requirements of wind load coefficient and snow load coefficient related to greenhouses. This can ensure the overall quality, reliability and safety of the greenhouse. Basic standard for dimensional design of solar greenhouse ① Basic structure of solar greenhouse As a unique greenhouse type in the north, solar greenhouse is mainly composed of wall, arc skeleton and covering materials (plastic film and thermal insulation quilt). Why is it a unique greenhouse type in the north? It has good thermal insulation. Generally, no heating equipment can be used, and production can also be carried out in winter. Its main wall forms are brick wall and earth wall structure. With the development of science and technology, other forms have emerged, but they are used less. The arc skeleton is mainly galvanized steel or oval pipe skeleton, and there are also flower racks. The covering materials are mainly plastic film and thermal insulation quilt, and its thermal insulation is mainly related to the thermal insulation quilt. ▲ Standard solar greenhouse